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Writing in the 1960s in the context of Algeria and its French colonial occupation, Frantz Fanon has been an influential figure in...

Modernity emphasized on two aspects:- 1. Rational and optimal use of resources in order to achieve maximum profits. This was directly...

Poststructuralist psychoanalysis Harold Bloom: Freudian Revisionism •Works: Agon (1983), A Map of Misreading (1975) and The Anxiety of...

Archetypal criticism •Maud Bodkin’s 1934 work Archetypal Patterns in Poetry and later the works of Northrop Fry developed Jungian...

Meaning of the text lie in the reader’s experience of the text. Readers import into their reading, their personal experiences.

Freud, speaking about the male child, says that the problem with sexual desires begin with the child’s dependence on the mother. Love for th

Psychoanalytic criticism Oedipus complex Sigmund Freud Id ego superego

POSTSTRUCTURALISM, POSTMODERNISM AND NARRATIVE Poststructuralism with its notions of différance, textuality and intertextuality destroyed...

KRISTEVA AND THE CHORA Kristeva proposed a stage before that of the symbolic (which is about language): the semiotic, where the semiotic...

Baudrillard's notion of ‘simulacra’ is linked to the idea of ‘hyper-reality’, like Disney World. He suggests, we are so caught up in the...

PAUL DE MAN AND RHETORIC Paul de Man-  a deconstructive literary critic. De Man argued that there was no referential language because all...

Structuralism 1. Model of reading texts 2. How to unpack the elements that constituted the text's meaning (textual analysis) 3. How to...

Dialogue: utterance- central feature of all speech. •Hetroglossia : prime examples- novels. Simultaneity of many levels of dialogue and lan

Semiotics § Study of signs § Signs- words, gestures,Sounds, objects and visuals that generate meaning as a part of a system of...

Russian Formalism •Major names : Boris Eichenbaum, Viktor Shklovsky, Roman Jakobson and Juri Tynyanov •Major works: Osip Brik, Eichenbaum...

Saussure •A Course on General Linguistics (English translation in 1959)- Saussure’s 1915 work language – a system where various...

Part 1 - Introduction Structuralism- emphasis on language or formal properties of texts, their structures and frames in specific genre...